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Japanese cruiser Itsukushima : ウィキペディア英語版 | Japanese cruiser Itsukushima
was the lead ship in the of protected cruisers of the Imperial Japanese Navy. Like her sister ships, ( and ) the name ''Itsukushima'' comes from one of the traditional Three Views of Japan, in this case, the Itsukushima Shrine in Hiroshima prefecture on the Seto Inland Sea, home to a famous Shinto shrine dedicated to the goddess Benzaiten. ==Background== Forming the backbone of the Imperial Japanese Navy during the First Sino-Japanese War, the ''Matsushima''-class cruisers were based on the principles of Jeune Ecole, as promoted by French military advisor and naval architect Louis-Émile Bertin.〔Roksund, ''The Jeune École: The Strategy of the Weak'';〕 The Japanese government did not have the resources or budget to build a battleship navy to counter the various foreign powers active in Asia; instead, Japan adopted the radical theory of using smaller, faster warships, with light armor and small caliber long-range guns, coupled with a massive single Canet gun. The design eventually proved impractical, as the recoil from the huge cannon was too much for a vessel of such small displacement, and its reloading time was impractically long; however, the ''Matsushima''-class cruisers served their purpose well against the poorly equipped and poorly led Imperial Chinese Beiyang Fleet. ''Itsukushima'' was built by the Société Nouvelle des Forges et Chantiers de la Méditerranée naval shipyards at La Seyne-sur-Mer, in France, and was launched on 18 June 1889.〔Jentsura, ''Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy'';〕 She underwent trials by the builder in September and October, and achieved an average maximum speed of 16.78 knots on 15 October 1890.
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